a) x2−25=(x−5)(x+5)
b) x2−3=(x−3)(x+3)
c) 4x2−1=(2x−1)(2x+1)
d) 9−2x2=(3−2x)(3+2x)
e) x2+6x+9=x2+2⋅3x+32=(x+3)2
f) 25x2−20x+4=(5x)2−2⋅5x⋅2+22=(5x−2)2
g) (3x+4)2−4=(3x+4)2−22=(3x+4−2)(3x+4+2)=
=(3x+2)(3x+6)=(3x+2)⋅3(x+2)=3(x+2)(3x+2)
h) (x2+x−4)2−(x+5)2=(x2+x−4−(x+5))(x2+x−4+(x+5))=
=(x2+x−4−x−5)(x2+x−4+x+5)=(x2−9)(x2+2x+1)=
=(x2−32)(x2+2x+1)=(x−3)(x+3)(x+1)2
i) a4−b4=(a2)2−(b2)2=(a2−b2)(a2+b2)=(a−b)(a+b)(a2+b2)
j) a2+b2−c2−2ab=a2−2ab+b2−c2=(a−b)2−c2=(a−b−c)(a−b+c)
k) x3−8=x3−23=(x−2)(x2+2x+22)=(x−2)(x2+2x+4)
l) a3+1=a3+13=(a+1)(a2−a+12)=(a+1)(a2−a+1)
m) (x+1)3−(x−1)3=(x+1−(x−1))((x+1)2+(x+1)(x−1)+(x−1)2)=
=(x+1−x+1)(x2+2x+1+x2−1+x2−2x+1)=2(3x2+1)
n) a4+b4=(a2+b2)2−2a2b2=(a2+b2−2ab)(a2+b2+2ab)