$a)4^{128}\cdot 2^{16}-5\cdot 8^{32}:4^9\cdot {16}^{47}={\left(2^2\right)}^{128}\cdot 2^{16}-5\cdot {\left(2^3\right)}^{32}:{\left(2^2\right)}^9\cdot {\left(2^4\right)}^{47}=2^{2\cdot 128}\cdot 2^{16}-5\cdot 2^{3\cdot 32}:\left(2^{2\cdot 9}\right)\cdot 2^{4\cdot 47}=2^{256}\cdot 2^{16}-5\cdot 2^{96}:2^{18}\cdot 2^{188}=2^{256+16}-5\cdot 2^{96-18+188}=2^{272}-5\cdot 2^{266}$

$5\cdot {\left[2^5\cdot {\left({32}^4\right)}^3\right]}^4\cdot 5,9=5\cdot 5,9\cdot {\left[2^5\cdot {\left({\left(2^5\right)}^4\right)}^3\right]}^4=29,5\cdot {\left[2^5\cdot 2^{5\cdot 4\cdot 3}\right]}^4=29,5\cdot {\left[2^5\cdot 2^{60}\right]}^4=29,5\cdot {\left(2^{5+60}\right)}^4=29,5\cdot {\left(2^{65}\right)}^4=29,5\cdot 2^{65\cdot 4}=29,5\cdot 2^{260}$