I gimnazjum

Matematyka wokół nas 1

<img src="https://prod.odrabiamy-assets.pl/uploads/content_image/image/43275/2dgSuoyO2G9xaeQMQjgM0w%3D%3D_6055aebd6d7cfec5a02cedaf1a2c956e7f8e6ec801983317ce9075ce06332559.jpg">
Rzeczywiste wymiary prostokąta:  
0,6dm=6cm
40mm=4cm
10cm
 
W skali 1:2
3cm
2cm
5cm

Rozwiązanie 1

a3=125

6a12​=54                                      6a22​=96                                     6a32​=150 a12​=9

2a+2b=70 a+b=35

a=2n[cm] H=2n+n=3n[cm] Pp​=(2n)2=4n2[cm2]

Pp​=2288<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width='400em' height='1.08em' viewBox='0 0 400000 1080' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'><path d='M95,702
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
l0 -0
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
H400000v40H845.2724
s-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7
c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z'/></svg>​⋅288<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width='400em' height='1.08em' viewBox='0 0 400000 1080' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'><path d='M95,702
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
l0 -0
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
H400000v40H845.2724
s-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7
c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z'/></svg>​​=144[cm2] a=144<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width='400em' height='1.08em' viewBox='0 0 400000 1080' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'><path d='M95,702
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
l0 -0
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
H400000v40H845.2724
s-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7
c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z'/></svg>​=12[cm]

2⋅21​⋅10⋅d2​=240 d2​=24[cm]

a=(21​⋅16)2+(21​⋅12)2<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width='400em' height='3.08em' viewBox='0 0 400000 3240' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'><path d='M473,2793
c339.3,-1799.3,509.3,-2700,510,-2702 l0 -0
c3.3,-7.3,9.3,-11,18,-11 H400000v40H1017.7
s-90.5,478,-276.2,1466c-185.7,988,-279.5,1483,-281.5,1485c-2,6,-10,9,-24,9
c-8,0,-12,-0.7,-12,-2c0,-1.3,-5.3,-32,-16,-92c-50.7,-293.3,-119.7,-693.3,-207,-1200
c0,-1.3,-5.3,8.7,-16,30c-10.7,21.3,-21.3,42.7,-32,64s-16,33,-16,33s-26,-26,-26,-26
s76,-153,76,-153s77,-151,77,-151c0.7,0.7,35.7,202,105,604c67.3,400.7,102,602.7,104,
606zM1001 80h400000v40H1017.7z'/></svg>​=100<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width='400em' height='1.08em' viewBox='0 0 400000 1080' preserveAspectRatio='xMinYMin slice'><path d='M95,702
c-2.7,0,-7.17,-2.7,-13.5,-8c-5.8,-5.3,-9.5,-10,-9.5,-14
c0,-2,0.3,-3.3,1,-4c1.3,-2.7,23.83,-20.7,67.5,-54
c44.2,-33.3,65.8,-50.3,66.5,-51c1.3,-1.3,3,-2,5,-2c4.7,0,8.7,3.3,12,10
s173,378,173,378c0.7,0,35.3,-71,104,-213c68.7,-142,137.5,-285,206.5,-429
c69,-144,104.5,-217.7,106.5,-221
l0 -0
c5.3,-9.3,12,-14,20,-14
H400000v40H845.2724
s-225.272,467,-225.272,467s-235,486,-235,486c-2.7,4.7,-9,7,-19,7
c-6,0,-10,-1,-12,-3s-194,-422,-194,-422s-65,47,-65,47z
M834 80h400000v40h-400000z'/></svg>​=10[cm]

Przekrój jest kwadratem o polu 100 cm2.  Oznacza to, że bok tego kwadratu ma długość 10 cm (102=100).  Odcinki FC, F1C1, FF1 i CC1 mają więc długość 10 cm.  Podstawa graniastosłupa:   <img src="https://prod.odrabiamy-assets.pl/uploads/content_image/image/25301/duw8bAmGHKdxeiKMT0fZyw%3D%3D_b6ed89a2aeffc34594976a29d7bde814d1fae2fb51f6d9f0e016ecd70be2b849.jpg" width="275" height="235"> Podstawą tego graniastosłupa jest sześciokąt foremny, którego dłuższa przekątna ma długość 10 cm.  ∣FC∣=10 cm    Punkt przecięcia tych przekątnych dzieli je na połowy.  ∣FS∣=∣SC∣=21​⋅10 cm=5 cm   Sześciokąt możemy podzielić na sześć przystających trójkątów równobocznych (jak na powyższym rysunku). Sześciokąt ten został więc podzielony na sześć przystających trójkątów równobocznych o boku długości 5 cm.   ∣AB∣=∣BC∣=∣CD∣=∣DE∣=∣EF∣=∣AF∣=5 cm

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