Obowiązek i konieczność
(obligation and necessity)

Brak obowiązku
(no obligation)

don't have to, needn't, not be required to

Zakaz
(prohibition)

can't, couldn't, mustn't, be forbidden to, not be allowed to

Obowiązek i porada
(duty and advice)

need to, have to, ought to, should, shouldn't, must, be obliged to, be supposed to

Umiejętność
(ability)

can/can't, could/couldn't, be able to

Możliwość 
(possibility)

may, might, can, could, be likely to

Pozwolenie 
(permission)

can, could, may, be allowed to, be permitted to