The Power of Expectation
The placebo effect is one of the most mysterious phenomena in medicine. People find it fascinating that inactive treatment can actually relieve pain or ensure a faster recovery. Let us start by explaining the basic facts. (...)

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1 Which information is presented in the text as an opinion?
A The placebo effect can be found in non-medical contexts. B The placebo effect often depends on the cultural background of patients. C placebo can influence the results of medical trials. D A placebo can help some patients recover.

2 A patient's expectations about a substance they have been given
A have not been investigated so far. B depend on the results of IQ tests. C can be problematic in clinical drug trials. D positively influence their reactions to new drugs.

3 Which isn't true about the placebo effect?
A It has been observed in other species. B A lot of people deny its existence. C It has a negative counterpart. D Some factors influencing it cannot be fully controlled.