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APRIL FOOL’S DAY
The tradition of playing jokes on people on April 1st is one that can be found all over Europe. In the UK, it is called April Fool’s Day, the French call it Poisson d’avril – literally April fish – and in Poland, prima aprilis goes back many centuries. Newspapers have long been keen to join in the fun by spreading April Fool’s Day stories. These have included reports of trips to the centre of the earth via volcanoes with Virgin Volcanic, herds of wild animals closing in on Warsaw, and the French re-naming all their Metro stations after different types of cheese.Television has also played a part. When pasta was still relatively unknown in Britain, a well-respected BBC documentary programme broadcast a report about the spaghetti harvest on the Italian-Swiss border. After the film, which showed farmers carefully picking spaghetti from the spaghetti trees, the BBC was flooded with calls from keen gardeners wanting to know where they could buy one. Of course, April 1st is not the only day in the calendar when people can be fooled. A radio show in 1937 broadcast a version of the The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells. The original story, about Earth being invaded by aliens from Mars was adapted so that it sounded like a series of news reports, each becoming more terrifying as the ‘invasion’ progressed. Reports at the time say that panic broke out, and terrified civilians in New Jersey blocked the motorways in a desperate attempt to escape. The phenomenon of April Fool’s Day does, however, raise a serious question. We know that, (for the rest of the year at least) traditional newspapers and broadcasters try to check their sources. But on social media, where there is little or no control and where news stories can spread at lightning speed, how can we tell whether something is true or not? To answer this question, researchers at Lancaster University have analysed thousands of April Fool’s stories from around the world. They have found clear patterns in the kind of language that these fake news items use: sentences are longer, vocabulary is simpler, details are fewer. It may therefore be possible to develop an app that can analyse news stories, posts and tweets and alert readers when something may not be genuine. In the meantime, however, we will all need to rely on our own judgement and remember that things are not always what they seem.

1. What is the writer’s opinion of April Fool’s Day stories in the media?
A.They are an amusing source of entertainment.
B.They are acceptable as long as they do not frighten people.
C.They are a useful reminder of how stupid the general public can be.
D.They should be avoided by serious newspapers or broadcasters.

2. What kind of app might the research from Lancaster lead to?
A.One that can collect stories from international websites.
B.One that can judge the reliability of a story.
C.One that can help to create well-written stories.
D.One that can correct grammar and vocabulary mistakes.