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1. What used to happen to people who caught smallpox?
2. Which group of people never caught smallpox?
3. What did Jenner do to James Phipps? Why?
4. Why did people stop laughing at Jenner?
5. How did Jenner thank James Phipps?
6. Do people still get smallpox these days?
A LIFE-SAVING EXPERIMENT
Edward Jenner was an English doctor. He made a discovery that has saved millions of lives. Jenner was born in 1749. At that time, smallpox, which is now extinct, was the disease that people feared the most. It was very easy to catch. Victimes were covered in horrible blisters; if they didn't die, they carried the marks on their skin forever. Jenner lived in the countryside. He had that the girls who milked cows never caught a smallpox. On the other hand, they often caught a disease called cowpox from the cows. Cowpox was not at all serious. Jenner decided to try an experiment. He needed someone who had never had smallpox, and he chose an eight-year-old boy called James Phipps. He scratched
James's arm and infected him with cowpox. Then after a few days he infected James with smallpox. Would he become ill Luckily for the child (and for Jenner), he didn't. This was the beginning of vaccination. At first, people laughed at Jenner. However, everyone could see that his vaccinations worked and he became famous. These days it's possible to visit Jenner's house, now a museum. It's near the house which Jenner gave to James Phipps, to say thank you. There is also a statue of Jenner in Hyde Park, London.