Choose the correct option.

1. It.........the universe is nothing more than a mathematical model.
A. could argue that
B. could be argued that

2. The Arabic numeral system..........to the west from India.
A. has been thought to transmit
B. is thought to have been transmitted

3. We.....................the term 'mathematics' was invented by Pythagoras.
A. know
B. are known that

4. Algebra..................as a branch of mathematics in the 16th century.
A. is known to have emerged
B. has been known to emerge

5. We................algebra originated in ancient Babylonia.
A. believe that
B. have been believed

6. .....................evidence in favour of this hypothesis.
A. There is said to be
B. It is said to have been

7. It.....................algebra was more advanced in Babylonia than in Egypt.
A. may be argued that
B. may have been arguing that

8. Four billion people..............the Internet by 2020.
A. are being expected to use
B. are expected to be using

9. We...............all the exams.
A. weren’t expecting to pass
B. were said to not pass

10. This hypothesis.................many centuries ago.
A. has been known to prove
B. is known to have been proven