$\text{a)}d=\frac{V}{m}\mid \cdot m$  

$\underline{V=dm}$  

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$V=dm\mid :d$  

$\underline{m=\frac{V}{d}}$  

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$\text{b)}F=m\cdot a\mid :a$  

$\underline{m=\frac{F}{a}}$  

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$\text{c)}p\cdot V=n\cdot R\cdot T\mid :V$  

$\underline{p=\frac{nRT}{V}}$  

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$p\cdot V=n\cdot R\cdot T\mid :nR$  

$\underline{T=\frac{pV}{nR}}$  

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$\text{d)}\alpha =\sqrt{\frac{K}{c}}\mid {}^2$  

${\alpha }^2=\frac{K}{c}\mid \cdot c$  

$\underline{K={\alpha }^2\cdot c}$  

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$K={\alpha }^2\cdot c\mid :{\alpha }^2$  

$\underline{c=\frac{K}{{\alpha }^2}}$