logac=b wtedy i tylko wtedy, gdy ab=c , ( c>0 , a>0 , a=1 ).
loga(x⋅y)=logax+logay
loga(yx)=logax−logay
a) 2logx+5logy−log8=logx2+logy5−log8=log(x2⋅y5)−log8=log(8x2y5)
Założenia:
x>0 i y>0 .
b) 2log3(x+1)−log3y−log28=log3(x+1)2−log3y−log223=
=log3(y(x+1)2)−3=log3(y(x+1)2)−log333=
=log3(y(x+1)2)−log327=log327y(x+1)2=
=log3(y(x+1)2⋅271)=log3(27y(x+1)2)
Założenia:
x+1>0⇒x>−1
y>0 .
c) 21+logx−log8=21+log10x−log108=log101021+log10x−log108=
=log1010+log10x−log108=log10(10⋅x)−log108=
=log10(810x)=log10(8x10)
Założenia:
x>0 .
d) 52−log2(x−2)+log258=log2225−log2(x−2)+log2851=
=log2(x−2225)+log2(23)51=log2(x−2225)+log2253=
=log2(x−2225⋅253)=log2(x−2225⋅253)=log2(x−22)
Założenia:
x−2>0⇒x>2 .
e) log(x+y)+log(x−y)=log((x+y)⋅(x−y))=log(x2−y2)
Założenia:
x+y>0 i x−y>0 .
f log(x3−y3)−log(x−y)=log(x−yx3−y3)=log(x−y(x−y)(x2+xy+y2))=log(x2+xy+y2)
Założenia:
x3−y3>0 ∧ x−y>0
(x−y)(x2+xy+y2)>0 ∣:(x2+xy+y2)>0 ∧ x−y>0
x−y>0